Mengenal Verb: Kata Kerja “Teratur” dan “Tidak Teratur”
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, kata kerja (verb) adalah kata yang menunjukkan sebuah aksi (tindakan), keadaan, atau peristiwa. Contohnya seperti go, eat, atau play.
Hal penting yang harus kamu tahu, bentuk kata kerja bisa berubah. Ada dua kelompok besar kata kerja: Regular Verbs dan Irregular Verbs.
1. Regular Verbs (Kata Kerja “Teratur”)
Regular verbs adalah kata kerja yang perubahannya mengikuti aturan yang sama. Ketika kamu ingin mengubahnya ke bentuk lampau (past tense), kamu hanya perlu menambahkan akhiran -ed pada akhir kata.
Mereka sangat “patuh” pada aturan!
Contoh-contoh Regular Verb:
Verb 1 (Present) | Verb 2 (Past Tense) | Verb 3 (Past Participle) | Artinya |
---|---|---|---|
play | played | played | bermain |
walk | walked | walked | berjalan |
watch | watched | watched | menonton |
study | studied | studied | belajar |
love | loved | loved | mencintai |
Contoh Kalimat dengan Kearifan Lokal Banten:
- Kemarin sore, Rian played layangan with his friends near the field.
- We walked to the beach in Anyer last Sunday.
- The students watched the Debus performance at the festival last night.
- My family visited the Keraton Surosowan in Banten Lama two months ago.
- The Pak Kumis community cleaned the mosque after the big event.
Aturan Pengejaan (Spelling Rules) untuk Regular Verbs:
- Akhiran Huruf “e”: Jika kata kerja sudah berakhiran huruf “e”, cukup tambahkan -d.
Contoh: love → loved; like → liked - Akhiran Huruf “y”:
- Jika sebelum “y” adalah huruf vokal (a, i, u, e, o), tambahkan -ed.
Contoh: play → played - Jika sebelum “y” adalah huruf konsonan, ubah huruf “y” menjadi “i” lalu tambahkan -ed.
Contoh: study → studied
- Jika sebelum “y” adalah huruf vokal (a, i, u, e, o), tambahkan -ed.
- Akhiran Pola “konsonan-vokal-konsonan”: Jika kata kerja satu suku kata berakhiran dengan pola konsonan-vokal-konsonan, gandakan huruf konsonan terakhir, lalu tambahkan -ed.
Contoh: stop → stopped; plan → planned
2. Irregular Verbs (Kata Kerja “Tidak Teratur”)
Irregular verbs adalah kata kerja yang tidak mengikuti aturan penambahan -ed. Bentuk lampau mereka bisa berubah total. Inilah yang membuat mereka harus dihafal.
Contoh-contoh Irregular Verb:
Verb 1 (Present) | Verb 2 (Past Tense) | Verb 3 (Past Participle) | Artinya |
---|---|---|---|
go | went | gone | pergi |
eat | ate | eaten | makan |
drink | drank | drunk | minum |
see | saw | seen | melihat |
write | wrote | written | menulis |
Contoh Kalimat dengan Kearifan Lokal Banten:
- Last Saturday, my friends and I went to explore Ujung Kulon National Park.
- For dinner, I ate Sate Bandeng with my family.
- After playing football, we drank Es Kelapa Muda to cool down.
- I saw many fishermen with their boats at Karang Bolong Beach.
- The students wrote a story about the legendary origin of Gunung Santri.
Rangkuman Perbedaan
Regular Verb | Irregular Verb |
---|---|
Mengikuti pola penambahan -ed pada bentuk lampau. | Tidak mengikuti pola apa pun. Bentuknya bisa berubah total. |
Contoh: play → played | Contoh: go → went |
Lebih mudah untuk diingat polanya. | Harus dihafalkan satu per satu. |
Daftar 100 Regular Verbs Lengkap
Daftar 100 Regular Verbs untuk Anak SMP:
Verb 1 (Present) | Verb 2 (Past Tense) | Verb 3 (Past Participle) | Artinya |
---|---|---|---|
accept | accepted | accepted | menerima |
achieve | achieved | achieved | mencapai |
add | added | added | menambah |
admire | admired | admired | mengagumi |
advise | advised | advised | menasehati |
agree | agreed | agreed | setuju |
allow | allowed | allowed | mengizinkan |
answer | answered | answered | menjawab |
arrive | arrived | arrived | tiba |
ask | asked | asked | bertanya |
believe | believed | believed | percaya |
borrow | borrowed | borrowed | meminjam |
call | called | called | memanggil |
care | cared | cared | peduli |
carry | carried | carried | membawa |
change | changed | changed | mengubah |
clean | cleaned | cleaned | membersihkan |
close | closed | closed | menutup |
collect | collected | collected | mengumpulkan |
continue | continued | continued | melanjutkan |
copy | copied | copied | menyalin |
count | counted | counted | menghitung |
cover | covered | covered | menutupi |
create | created | created | menciptakan |
cry | cried | cried | menangis |
dance | danced | danced | menari |
decide | decided | decided | memutuskan |
describe | described | described | menjelaskan |
develop | developed | developed | mengembangkan |
disagree | disagreed | disagreed | tidak setuju |
discover | discovered | discovered | menemukan |
enjoy | enjoyed | enjoyed | menikmati |
enter | entered | entered | memasuki |
explain | explained | explained | menjelaskan |
face | faced | faced | menghadapi |
fail | failed | failed | gagal |
finish | finished | finished | menyelesaikan |
follow | followed | followed | mengikuti |
guess | guessed | guessed | menebak |
happen | happened | happened | terjadi |
help | helped | helped | membantu |
hope | hoped | hoped | berharap |
imagine | imagined | imagined | membayangkan |
improve | improved | improved | memperbaiki |
invite | invited | invited | mengundang |
join | joined | joined | bergabung |
jump | jumped | jumped | melompat |
kill | killed | killed | membunuh |
laugh | laughed | laughed | tertawa |
learn | learned | learned | belajar |
like | liked | liked | menyukai |
listen | listened | listened | mendengarkan |
live | lived | lived | hidup |
look | looked | looked | melihat |
love | loved | loved | mencintai |
manage | managed | managed | mengelola |
move | moved | moved | bergerak |
need | needed | needed | membutuhkan |
open | opened | opened | membuka |
organize | organized | organized | mengorganisir |
plan | planned | planned | merencanakan |
play | played | played | bermain |
point | pointed | pointed | menunjuk |
prefer | preferred | preferred | lebih suka |
prepare | prepared | prepared | mempersiapkan |
present | presented | presented | mempersembahkan |
promise | promised | promised | berjanji |
pull | pulled | pulled | menarik |
push | pushed | pushed | mendorong |
receive | received | received | menerima |
remember | remembered | remembered | mengingat |
rent | rented | rented | menyewa |
repeat | repeated | repeated | mengulangi |
reply | replied | replied | menjawab |
report | reported | reported | melaporkan |
save | saved | saved | menyelamatkan |
seem | seemed | seemed | terlihat |
share | shared | shared | berbagi |
smile | smiled | smiled | tersenyum |
start | started | started | mulai |
stay | stayed | stayed | tinggal |
stop | stopped | stopped | berhenti |
study | studied | studied | belajar |
succeed | succeeded | succeeded | berhasil |
suggest | suggested | suggested | menyarankan |
talk | talked | talked | berbicara |
teach | teached | teached | mengajar |
thank | thanked | thanked | berterima kasih |
touch | touched | touched | menyentuh |
travel | traveled | traveled | bepergian |
try | tried | tried | mencoba |
use | used | used | menggunakan |
visit | visited | visited | mengunjungi |
wait | waited | waited | menunggu |
walk | walked | walked | berjalan |
want | wanted | wanted | menginginkan |
wash | washed | washed | mencuci |
watch | watched | watched | menonton |
wish | wished | wished | berharap |
work | worked | worked | bekerja |
worry | worried | worried | khawatir |